In Confucian societies

Confucian societies like China, Japan, and Korea, preserving harmony by saving face for everyone is of the utmost importance. Ideally harmony will result when everyone behaves according to their prescribed role and refrains from disagreeing or confronting another. Especially when interacting with others of the same class or higher. Any disagreement or opposing points of view must be made indirectly, and with the slightest of hints. Never directly, boldly, or argumentatively.  Confrontation is to be avoided at all costs.

In Western societies

In Western societies, like North America, people are encouraged, even expected to have, and express different ideas and opinions. “Step up, voice your opinion, be heard.” To debate and question the merit of an idea or proposition is lauded. In this sense, Western cultures can be viewed as being confrontational.

A Key Difference between the two

In North America It’s okay to disagree or attack an idea or proposal. But it’s not okay to attack the person him/herself. These are to be kept separate. We will make that distinction. Yet, in non-confrontational societies, like Asia, this separation does not exist. Both are tightly interconnected. An attack on an idea is an attack on the person. Disagreements however, slight, or unintended can be interpreted as a personal confrontation. This results in the loss of face for both parties. Disharmony is bound to occur.